An important role of intestinal goblet cells is to secrete mucus into the gut, which is believed to act as a barrier, preventing contents in the intestine from damaging intestinal tissue. However, researchers have also hypothesized that mucus secretion by goblet cells may also serve as a defense mechanism against bacterial pathogens such as enterohemmorhagic E. coli (EHEC), a bacteria that causes diarrhea and inflammation in humans. Kirk Bergstrom is investigating if, and how, goblet cells may also secrete toxins to combat infecting microbes. With a better understanding of how these cells respond to bacterial pathogens, he hopes his research may lead to new treatment options to combat bacterial diseases of the intestine.